saline solution for piercings
Solution
It is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components constituting one phase only.
Part of Solution :
Solution has two parts -
1. Solvent
2. Solutin
Solvent
The substance present in larger amount
(more than 50%) in a solution is called solvent.
Solute
The substance present in lesser amount
(Less than 50%) in a solution is called solute.
Classification of solution
On the basis of saturation
1. Saturated
2. Unsaturated
3. Sopersaturated
On the basis of clinically important
1. Isotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Hypotonic
Based on biological membrane permeability
1. Crystalloidal solution
2. Colloidal solution
Saturated solution :
A solution in which the maximum amount od solvent has been dissolved. e.g. 359 g of NaC1 in 1 litter of water (at 25 °C) is salurated solution.
Unsaturated solution
A solution in which more solute can be dissolved. e.g 250 g a of NaC1 in litter of water (at 25 °C) is Saturated solution.
Super saturated solution :
A solution in which more solute is dissolved than sturation point ( at given temperature). e.g. 500 g of NaC1 in 1 litter of water is super saturated solution.
Isotonic Solution :
Solution which have the same osmotic pressure as that of plasma. e.g. 0.9% NaC1 solution 5% glucose solution, 3.8% solution citrate solution etc.
Hypertonic Solution :
A solution which has higher osmotio pressure than that of plasma. e.g. 1% NaC1 or 10% glucose saline is hypertonic to plasma.
Hypotonic Solution :
A solution which has lower osmotic pressure than that of plasma. e.g 0.45% NaC1 or 3% glucose solution is hypotonic to plasma.
Colloidal solution :
A solution the solution of cannot pass through a semiperbmeable membrane is known colloidel solution.
Crystalloidal solution :
A solution the solutes of can pass through a semiperbmeable membrane is known colloidal solution.
Normal sline :
0.9% NaC1 solution is called normal saline. It is isotonic to plasma.
Standard solution :
A standard solution is a solution whose concentration is known accurately. e.g. 2.0M NaC1 aolution.
Concentration of solution :
It is determine by the amount of solute present in a definite weight of the solvent at a particular temperature.
Expression of concentration of solutuon :
Concentration may expressed by ;
☞ Percent solution
☞ Normality solution
☞ Molarity solution
Parcent solution ;
When the centration of solution expressed by percent then it is known as parcent solution.
Types of percent solution ;
Percent solutioncan be classified as -
➤ Weight per unit volume ( 5% gm/L solution).
➤ Weight per unit weight ( 3% mg/kg solution.
➤ Volume per unit volume (10% ml/L solution).
Normal solution :
The solution containing 1 gram equivalent weight of a substance in a liter of solution is known as normal solution. It expressed by in.
Normality of solution indicatesvthe concentretion of solution where the solution contains a gram equivalent weight of a substance in liter of solution. e.g. if a solution contain 1n solution then the normality of solution is 1.
Molar solution ;
Solution that contains 1 mole of solute in 1liter of the solution. e.g gm/l glucose solution.
Mole is the standard unit used to measure the amount of a substance. A moke of any pure substance has a mass in grams exactly equal to that substance molecular or atomic mass. e.g. one mole canbon means 12 gm canbon because it molecular weight is 12.
Molarity indicates the member of moles of solution dissolved in sulation at any specified temperature. e.g. If a solution contain One Mole solute then molarity of the solution is one mole.
